The little plastic box that made a sound and flashed numbers was his salvation. Lori Dove In 1993. Pregnant with her first child in a house in a rural area. KansasDove used the little black device to stay in touch with her husband while he delivered medical supplies. He carried one too. They had a code.

“If I really needed something, I would text ‘9-1-1,’” she recalls. “It meant anything from ‘I’m in labor right now’ to ‘I really need to call you.’” “It was our version of texting. I was nervous like a cat in a room full of rock music. It was important.”

Beeps and everything they symbolize—calling each other, or drugs in the 1980s—have gone the way of answering machines for decades, since smartphones have removed them from popular culture. They She tragically resurfaced on Tuesday.17 years old, when thousands of pagers went off simultaneously in LebanonKilling at least ten people and injuring thousands in a mysterious attack that lasted for several days. Israel And declared a new phase of its war against it. Hezbollah.

In many of the images, blood marks where pagers are often attached—on a belt, in a pocket, near the hand—in graphic reminders of the intimacy with which people still maintain these devices and the bonds or vulnerabilities they enable.

Then, as now, though in much smaller numbers, pagers are used precisely because they are old. They run on batteries and radio waves, making them immune to Wi-Fi dead zones, basements without cell service, hackers, and catastrophic network failures like those that occurred during the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks.

Some medical and emergency professionals prefer pagers to cell phones or use both devices together. They are useful for workers in remote locations such as oil rigs and mines. Busy restaurants also use them, offering customers flashing, hockey-puck-like devices that vibrate when their table is ready.

For those who distrust data collection, pagers are attractive because they have no way of tracking users.

“A cell phone, at the end of the day, is like a computer that you carry with you, and a pager has a small fraction of that complexity,” he says. Mystery SpicesTechnical Director Trend Microa cybersecurity software company from UK“It's currently being used by people who want to maintain their privacy… they don't want to be tracked, but they want to be contacted.”

Always connected

From the beginning, people were ambivalent about pagers and the uncomfortable feeling of being called when it would be convenient for someone else.

The inventor Al GrossConsidered by some to be the “founding father” of wireless communications, he patented the pager in 1949 with the goal of making it available to doctors. But he said they didn’t like the prospect of being on call 24/7.

“Doctors didn’t want to do anything with it because it might ruin their golf game or it might ruin the patient,” Gross said in a video taken when he received the Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award in 2000. “It wasn’t as successful as I thought it would be when it was first introduced, but that changed later.”

In the 1980s, millions of Americans used pagers, according to reports at the time. The devices were status symbols, belt-mounted badges indicating that the wearer was important enough to be on call at a moment’s notice. They were used by doctors, lawyers, movie stars and journalists through the 1990s.

At that time, pagers were also linked to drug dealers and schools were taking action. More than 50 school districts, from San Diego the Syracuse, New YorkIt banned its use in schools, claiming that it hinders the fight against drug abuse among teenagers. New York Times In 1988, Michigan banned the use of the devices in schools statewide.

How can we expect students to “say no to drugs” when we allow them to wear the most dominant symbol of the drug trade on their belts? James FlemingAssistant Superintendent of Dade County Public Schools Florida.

In the mid-1990s, there were more than 60 million alarms in use, according to a report. Spocka telecommunications company.

Dov who became mayor Valley CenterKansas, and became a writer, and she says she and her family now use cell phones. But that means accepting the risk of identity theft. In some ways, she fondly remembers the simplicity of pagers.

“I worry about it,” she says. “But it seems like this risk is part of life now.”

The current call market is small but sustainable.

It's hard to know how many pagers there are worldwide. However, more than 80% of Spok's pager business is in the healthcare industry, with about 750,000 subscribers in large hospital systems, according to Vincent KellyCEO of the company.

“When there’s an emergency, their phones don’t always work,” Kelly said, adding that call signals are often stronger than cellphone signals in hospitals with thick walls or concrete basements. Cellular networks “are not designed to handle all of the subscribers trying to call at the same time or send a message at the same time.”

Hezbollah members, supported by Iran On the northern border of IsraelPagers have been used to communicate for years. In February, the group leader, Hassan NasrallahHezbollah members have been ordered to give up their cellphones in an attempt to prevent what is believed to be sophisticated Israeli surveillance of Lebanon's mobile phone networks.

Tuesday’s attack appears to have been a sophisticated Israeli operation against Hezbollah. But the widespread use of pagers in Lebanon meant the explosions caused a large number of civilian casualties. They exploded in an instant across the landscape of everyday life, including homes, cars, grocery stores and cafes.

Kelly says first responders and large manufacturers also use pagers. Manufacturers require employees to wear the devices on the factory floor to prevent them from taking photos.

Most medical staff use a combination of pagers, chat rooms, messaging and other services to communicate with patients without revealing home numbers — a real effort to be off-duty when not working.

Christopher PeabodyPeabody, an emergency room physician at San Francisco General Hospital, uses pagers every day, albeit reluctantly. “We’re on a campaign to get rid of pagers, and we’re failing miserably,” said Peabody, who is also director of the Center for Acute Care Innovation at the University of California, San Francisco.

Peabody said he and others at the hospital tested a new system and “the pager won”: Doctors stopped responding to text messages and only responded to pagers.

In some ways, Peabody understands resistance. Pagers provide a certain amount of autonomy. On the other hand, two-way communication brings with it the expectation of an immediate response and can provide a means for asking follow-up questions.

The problem, according to Peabody, is that the pager is a one-way communication and providers can’t communicate with each other through the pager system. The technology, he says, is inefficient. And the paging systems aren’t necessarily secure, a serious problem in an industry that needs to keep patient information private.

“This has been the culture of medicine for many years, and the pager is likely to remain,” he said.

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