The dwarf banana, known outside Brazil as the Cavendish, is the most widely consumed banana in the world. However, it is at risk of extinction due to an infection called Panama disease, which is caused by a fungus. Fusarium oxysporum.
Another type of banana disappeared in the past.
- Another popular variety called Gros Michel, which experts considered the main export product in the first half of the last century, simply disappeared due to the action of the same fungus.
- This disease starts in the roots of the banana plant and spreads, disrupting the plant's ability to absorb water or carry out photosynthesis.
- Now the concern is back with the discovery of a new strain of this fungus in Oceania, Asia, Africa and recently in South America.
- That's why scientists are looking for ways to save dwarf bananas from extinction.
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Increasing product diversity is essential.
In recent years, researchers have been tracking the global spread of this new strain of Fusarium oxysporu. This work has led to some discoveries that could prevent the extinction of dwarf bananas.
According to scientists, one of the main reasons for the fungus’ recent resurgence is the dominance of the international banana industry. In other words, developing more resistant varieties of the product could make agriculture more sustainable and reduce the disease pressure on a single crop.
Another way to protect bananas is to design effective nitric oxide scavengers to reduce the toxic pressure caused by gas explosion, one of the effects of the fungus.
Moreover, consumers can play an important role in this battle. Consuming a wider variety of products can force the market to adapt to the new demand. According to experts, buying local varieties of fruits and other products will help preserve plant diversity and support local farmers.
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